http://computer.howstuffworks.com/build-a-computer.htm
Really, a book would be like 20 pages long. You don't even really have to worry about the cables because the harddrive will come with the cables, the powersupply will come with cables. All the parts come with directions themselves too.
I think the biggest issue you would want to look into is finding out what kind of graphics card/cards you have and just makes sure there are no conflicts with the motherboard you would buy. Beyond that its really more a price issue. I've had good luck with ENERMAX power supplies and Crucial memory, so thats what I would go with.
you could probly learn everything you need by surfing around the forums at toms hardware. audioforums.com in the pc hardware section might be helpfull too as it wont be all gaming type machines.